The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.